Essay on The Doctrine of Double Effect - 1307 Words

Case Assignment: The doctrine of double effect says that the pursuit of good is not as acceptable if the harm that results is intended rather than merely foreseen (Lippert-Rasmussen, 2010). To some it is a nonabsolutist moral principle in which as long as significant good resulted from the action, it is allowable (Lippert-Ramussen, 2010). Scanlon believed that an act that leads to the death of an innocent person can never be justified by the good that results (Lippert-Ramussen, 2010). Scanlons beliefs will be the focus of this assignment. Tasks: 1. Read the article by Lippert-Ramussen, Scanlon on the Doctrine of Double Effect. After reading the article, respond to the questions listed below. 2. Define the Doctrine of Double Effect.†¦show more content†¦Scanlon claims that the Doctrine of Double Effect is wrong and the only reason why people treat it to be the contrary of his stand is because they cannot differentiate between the permissibility of a deed and its meaning (Scanlon 547). Scanlon further argues that permissibility is not dependent on a person’s decision making process rather it is reliant on the reasons for or not for engaging in various actions. The relevance of Doctrine of Double effect is appealing and applicable to many because it is intention oriented, thus the intentions lead a person in deciding what is morally relevant to the situation (Scanlon 547). Organ shortage There are six patients who are suffering from a disease that is curable. Due to the disease, the patients are actually dying. A doctor has medication that he can use to treat and cure the sixth patient but leave the five to die. However the doctor has the option of letting the sixth patient die, and utilizing the organs of the patient in the treatment of the five patients. This is because the five patients are in dial need of vital organs and the sixth patient is a potential source of these organs. Consequently, the doctor refrains from treating the sixth patient causing death then takes the organs and treats the other five patients (Lippert- Rasmussen 543). Application of the Doctrine Double Effect All the patients have the right to equally treatment and the doctor has the responsibility of protecting allShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of Double Effect1163 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Ethics in the Healthcare Setting Doctrine of Double Effect The Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) is utilized in the explanation of the permissibility of dealings and actions that result in impairment for example, death of a person, as a result of achieving some good at the end. This explains that it is sometimes acceptable to harm someone if the action will evoke some good at the end (Mclntyre 42). This reasoning was introduced by Thomas Aquinas but has developed and many versions ofRead MoreThe Doctrine of Double Effect2090 Words   |  8 Pagesa moral dilemma of having to kill someone. This is where the Doctrine of Double Effect comes into play. The Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) is a principal which aims to provide specific guidelines for determining when it is morally permissible to perform an action in the pursuit of a positive outcome with the full knowledge that the action will also bring about an evil consequence. (Solomon, 2014). Although the Doctrine of Double Effect is viewed as a positive theory by man, it is unjust in that itRea d MoreThe Doctrine Of Double Effect877 Words   |  4 Pagessuppression of respirations. However, the Doctrine of Double Effect helps to determine if the act is permissible. With this particular case, Nicolas is faced with the situation of either facing unbearable pain or taking morphine to ease the pain in his last months of life. Before this case can be analyzed according to the Doctrine of Double Effect, one must first consider the act, good effect, and bad effect. In this case, the act is the use of morphine. The good effect that comes from the act is the reliefRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Double Effect2007 Words   |  9 PagesThe doctrine (or principle) of double effect is often invoked to explain the permissibility of an action that causes a serious harm, such as the death of a human being, as a side effect of promoting some good end (McIntyre, 2004) . According to the principle of double effect (DDE), there are times where it is permissible to cause harm – as a side effect of bringing about a good result, even though it would not be acceptable to cause such harm as a means to providing the same good end. I will nowRead MoreProblems With Th e Doctrine Of Double Effect1904 Words   |  8 PagesJessie Buckler Term Paper Philosophy 3300 April 25, 2016 PROBLEMS WITH THE DOCTRINE OF DOUBLE EFFECT Defenders of the Doctrine of Double Effect argue that there is a morally significant distinction, which bears on the rightness of actions, between those consequences of our actions that are intended and those that are foreseen. Utilitarians often use this doctrine to describe their stance on the topic of harming others. This paper will look at three situations that are commonly used to defendRead MoreDoctrine of Double Effect Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesAlecia Rhines Doctrine of Double Effect Trident University What is the Doctrine of Double Effect? The doctrine of double effect if often invoked to explain the permissibility of an action that causes a serious harm, such as the death of a human being, as a side effect of promoting good ends. It is claimed that sometimes it is permissible to cause such harm as a side effect of bringing about a good result even though it would not be permissible to cause such harm as a means to bringing aboutRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Double Effect : Writing Assignment1176 Words   |  5 PagesEvan Bakker Professor Cole Honors Ethics 6 February 2015 The Doctrine of Double Effect: Writing Assignment 1 The method of reflective equilibrium is a method that is a state in which our moral principles are in accord with our intuitive moral judgements. There are two different kinds of reflective equilibrium: narrow reflective equilibrium, which is when one’s intuitive judgements concerning a rather restricted set of cases is rendered consistent with a set of general moral principles, where asRead MoreThe Problem Of Abortion And The Doctrine Of Double Effect1775 Words   |  8 PagesIn The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of Double Effect , Phillipa Foot takes into account what is called the Doctrine of Double Effect (henceforth DDE), which appeals to two effects that an action causes - one intended at and desired, the other foreseen as a consequence of the action but undesired. She uses this doctrine to critically examine its application and thereby assert that My conclusion is that the distinction between direct and oblique intention (the DDE) plays only a quiteRead MoreT he Doctrine Of The Separate Legal Entity1386 Words   |  6 Pagesact is the doctrine of the separate legal entity. Section 1.5.1 of the act outlines the separate legal entity theory, legislated as a company being distinct from its owners, managers, operators, employees and agents. Though, the doctrine of separate legal entity has been argued as a double edged sword. A ‘double edged sword’ is defined by Oxford as ‘a situation or course of action having both positive and negative effects.’ The separate legal entity doctrine is evident of being a ‘double edged sword’Read MoreThe Debate Over Physician Assisted Suicide951 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermined by the doctrine of double effect. The doctrine of double effect states that an action is morally permissible if the bad effect is not intended but may be foreseen; if the act is not intrinsically wrong; and if good effect is the result of the action, not the bad effect. This doctrine can be used to determine whether or not providing the diamorphine is morally permissible. With the doctor committing to giving the diamorphine, he is satisfying all the requirements for the double effect. The intent

Impact Of Financial Crisis On Financial Institutions

Impact of Financial Crisis on Financial Institutions Introduction The purpose of this paper is to give a brief background of what led to the financial crisis of 2007-2009, as well as to provide an account of the underlying causes. The ultimate goal of the paper is to provide a quick look at how the financial crisis impacted financial institutions and markets. Poor risk management, inadequate capital reserves, and a too-big-to-fail mentality were root causes in the chaos that developed in the late 2000s. The resulting financial crisis had far-reaching impacts on liquidity, interest rates, and initial public offerings. Financial institutions such as pension funds, commercial banks, insurance companies, and mutual funds failed to use sound investment guidelines and risk management strategies to overcome the devaluation of mortgage-backed securities. Fortunately, current regulations have significantly increased oversight of these institutions on matters such as risk management and capital adequacy. Finally, this paper offers recommendations on ho w regulations can be changed to limit excessive risk taking. Causes of Problems for Financial Institutions The financial crisis of 2007-2009 affected virtually every market in the world. In the United States, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell by 53.8 percent in less than a year and a half, 1 out of every 45 homes were under foreclosure, all but two investment banks either failed or were acquired, the largest insurance companyShow MoreRelatedFinancial Crisis Impact On Institutions And Markets1196 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial Crisis Impact on Institutions and Markets The financial crisis, beginning in 2007, negatively impacted the stability of financial institutions and markets across the world. While there are many speculative causes of the financial crisis, dealings in subprime mortgages are considered the biggest culprit. As a result, those involved in subprime mortgages, such as lenders, investment banks, credit rating agencies and securities investors were among the first to feel the crisis’ ramificationsRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of 2008-10 And Its Impact On The Financial Health Of The Institutions999 Words   |  4 Pages The Global financial crisis has been described as the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of the 1930’s. This was a Financial Crisis and affected terribly the banks of the United States of America. The banks during this time had low capital base and suffered from a serious liquidity crunch. Leveraging was very common at this time. This increased financial instability of the banks called for major changes in the financial regulations by the government. This essay will discuss theRead MoreThe Financial Crisis : Rescue Efforts855 Words   |  4 PagesThe Financial Crisis: Rescue Efforts Throughout the early 2000’s, relaxed lending regulations and lowered interest rates sparked the growth of the securitization of subprime mortgages. In order to increase profit and revenue, a number of financial institutions became heavily involved in the process of securitizing the loans. When house prices began to fall in 2006, homeowner delinquencies and foreclosures increased causing many institutions to become overleveraged. As a result, the destabilizationRead MoreFinancial Crisis Of A Single Country1671 Words   |  7 Pages Table of Contents Summary 2 Financial crisis 3 Impact of financial crisis 4 Effect of financial crisis on different on the economies of different countries 5 Mathematical problems 6 Conclusiom 8 References ..................................................................................................................................................9 Summary Financial crisis has long been a part of global economic recession throughout the history. Here, the purpose of this assignmentRead MoreFinancial Crisis And Its Effects On Financial Institutions871 Words   |  4 PagesThe recent financial crisis has a huge impact on systemic Important Financial Institutions; it’s distressing effect can be felt in almost every business area and process of a bank. A fairly large literature investigates the impact of financial crisis on large, complex and interconnected banks. The great recession did affect banks in different ways, depending on the funding capability of each bank. Kapan and Minoiu (2013) find that banks that were ex ante more dependent on market funding and had lowerRead MoreImpact of Financial Crisis on Gulf Area Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe global financial crisis that was experienced in 2007/2008 affected many nations of the world. Some countries such as America and most European countries were hard hit since they wer e directly affected by the crisis. Other countries especially those in Asia and Africa were not adversely affected as they were not directly hit by the crisis. This crisis started in the United States after the housing bubble busted. Although the bursting of the housing bubble was the main cause of the crisis, there wereRead MoreThe Crisis Of The United States1305 Words   |  6 PagesAs a result of the crisis, there were many different impacts on both the U.S. and global economy and one of them being buyouts and acquisitions within the U.S. financial institutions. Just to name a few of the acquisitions and failures that occurred due to the crisis, Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and Bear Stearns were among the largest investment banks. â€Å"Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy, Bear Stearns was bought by JP Morgan Chase and Merrill Lynch was bought by Bank of America.† (Chang, 14)Read MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of The Usa1383 Words   |  6 PagesThe recent global financial turmoil started on July 2007 ,mainly in the USA and spread among developed nations in the later part of 2008 and subsequently shifted to the developing nations .this crisis consisted of some prime drawbacks not only for the developed countries but also for developing countries .the most talked about issue in the recent financial arena in the global financial crisis ,which started to show its effect in the middle of the year 2007.the turmoil ,however ,was rooted in theRead MoreThe 2008 Financial Crisis Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduction The 2008 financial crisis led to a sharp increase in mortgage foreclosures primarily subprime leading to a collapse in several mortgage lenders. Recurrent foreclosures and the harms of subprime mortgages were caused by loose lending practices, housing bubble, low interest rates and extreme risk taking (Zandi, 2008). Additionally, expert analysis on the 2008 financial crisis assert that the cause was also due to erroneous monetary policy moves and poor housing policies. The federal governmentRead MoreThe Global Financial Crisis Of India1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The Global financial sector had seen one of the worst Global economic meltdown of staggering proportions. The root cause of the problem was substandard loans offered to a large number of customers with inadequate income by the United States Mortgage market. This crisis was commonly known as the Sub-prime crisis. These sub-prime mortgages were packaged and traded into securitized paper investments and were sold by the major financial institutions across the globe. Subsequently, these

economic change Essay Example For Students

economic change Essay In the world at this time the economic change was happening at an accelerated speed and this effected Canada. Industrialization started a whole new revolution in Canada. The movement from agricultural habitation to industrial base habitation was beginning. Also in this economic change there was a shift in the growth of industries in the city. People worked in the city but their homes were out in the country, so they had to move to the city. This caused a growth in the number of people living in cities, which meant the cities had to grow. Despite the larger numbers of people coming over from agricultural too industrial the ratio of farmers to factory workers was 4:1. Now with farmers becoming factory workers there could be some changes in our technology specially in the field of transportation. From the factories started to come inventions that could help men and women travel faster than their grandparents or their parents could have possibly imagined. The development of these items t hat are still around today would change history. The developments were thing like trains, electrical trolleys, and bikes. Thanks to these inventions the cities were able to move further apart so that there was more room. People did not have to sleep as close to their employment buildings. With all this happening, other thing began to improve as well, such as the standards of living. Things were beginning to modernize such as housing, medical, and hygine, were becoming more standard in life. Thanks to the factories, hygine began with more sanitary procedures such as dealing with human waste. The toilet was invented by Tomas Crapper. The toilets that Crapper thought up, were mass produced because of the factories. So we can say change in economy brings great things for the country. Though our Economic was going through many different changes Canada still had some stability. We had political stability. Canada was originally British owned and Queen Victoria ruled over Canada for 50 years. Being part of Britain had many advantages such as, being apart of the most solidified rulers on the planet. The British owned near 20% of earth which is allot. Britain was what the United States are today. They were most likely feared and respected all around the world. A disadvantage to being apart of Britain was that Canada wanted to be its own nation and not seen as just a British colony. Canada wanted to start the search for its nationalism which it got in the year 1876. Even more stability was that Canada and the USA were having no more wars with one another. Also the end to slavery which came in 1833 and is still stable even today. Even with everything changing you can always find some stability. The changes that took place in our Social and Cultural in this time are the things that make Canada great. The end to slavery comes for Canada and the British the same year in 1833. It ended in America in 1865. Education becomes compulsary and universal for getting a job with industrial realtions. Which was the hole reason we now have such great technoigies and increase in literacy. The rural and uran shift became a land slide by this time the ratio of factrory worker to the farmers was 4:1 a direct change from the 1:4 we had just before and a little into the turn of the century. Still in this time women were considered non persons until some were between 1900-1920 where that were considered people by the government. At this time our immigration number shot way up to 2 million people a year. They came for many different reasons such as over crowed places and families being kicked off their land. They saw posters advertisming free land in Canada so they moved here to start over and be gin their new lives as Canadians. These modifications in Canada is exactly what makes our nation so great and so well respected around the world.

Arlene Skolnicks The Paradox of Perfection Essay Example For Students

Arlene Skolnicks The Paradox of Perfection Essay In 1980, Arlene Skolnicks The Paradox of Perfection was published in Wilson Quarterly around the time when the ideal family was highly regarded. The article expresses the idea that the perfect family dose not exist. This essay is a prime example of how society views on what a family should be, subconsciously affects the behavior and attitude of the average family. As a psychologist from University of California, Skolnick presents her views through a series of historical contexts and statistics. Skolnick ironically exemplifies through the media that the picture perfect family is nothing more than a myth; in other words she uses the media concepts of a family as a foothold to convey her thoughts. Although the article was written more than 20 years ago, Skolnick views projects a future representation of society and how their portrayal of the ideal family has not change. The essay covers an array of periods; a historical view to give a background to the essay, a present view to elaborate her thoughts and a future outlook to tie it all together. Through this process, the reader is able to follow and understand the authors views, which are refurbished by historical evidence. Skolnick stated in the beginning of her essay, Can the family be at once a cherished value and a trouble institution, paragraph 4 as a way to establish her agreement. The statement basically means that what was once thought as the ideal family is now the main reason for typical families downfall. Through a variety of metaphorical strategies, Skolnick is able to support her claims; the media and other image of the perfect family is an unrealistic model that average family use as a form of comparison. The author first address a general audience with her opening statement, which states the divorce rates, births out-of-wedlock, and presents a down to earth impression that captures any reads attention. Even though Skolnick is psychologist, she is able to express her views in a matter that appeals to the general-mass. I am able to understand and agree with Skolnicks arguments to a point, due to the fact that I have lived in two different cultures and therefore able to appreciate her ideals. I can see why the author believes so strongly in her arguments because it is easily seen that the American life-hood is bases on the output from the media and a collection of societys regulations that force the average man to behave in a certain matter. There are various statements that present the authors claims throughout the reading. Skolnick employs the idea that even in colonial times the concept on the ideal family did not exist. She bring into play the idea that society restricted certain behavior and force families into behaving in a certain matter because the community then was very small; Unusual behavior rarely went unnoticed, and neighbors often intervened directly in a families affairs, to help or chastise.Paragraph 10. Skolnick manipulation of certain words and phases helps her in

Discuss how the poets convey the theme of loss and death Essay Example Essay Example

Discuss how the poets convey the theme of loss and death Essay Example Paper Discuss how the poets convey the theme of loss and death Essay Introduction The theme of death is commonly used in the world of literature; it exists as one of the defying elements in the writing of poetry. Maybe because at some point in our lives, we must all face the dreaded idea of death. The poems Piano by the Victorian poet D.H Lawrence, Refugee Mother And Child by the Nigerian poet Chinua Achebe, Funeral Blues by the English poet W.H Auden, A Case of Murder by the illustrious Vernon Scannell, Remember by the romantic Christina Rossetti and On My first Sonne by the English Renaissance poet Ben Jonson, use a selection of poetic techniques in order to convey a broad variety of emotions surrounding the main theme of death.Through the use of direct words with negative connotation, Auden conveys the theme of death, whilst creating a dark, mournful time in the poem, Funeral Blues. The mood of Funeral Blues can come across as quite angry and frustrating, and I find that this anger and frustration towards the world increases, as Auden skillfully uses stronger w ords with negative connotation towards the end of the poem, ‘the stars are not wanted now: put out every one/ Pack up the moon and dismantle the sun/ Pour away the ocean and sweep up the wood.’ These words are of rejection, waste and redundancy. I find that this line not only highlights the frustrated emotions of the narrator, but additionally, through the use of direct words with negative connotation incorporated with nature, suggests that the narrator wants the whole world to stop dead, and mourn his loved one’s death.Moreover, the elegy Funeral Blues explores and expresses the frustration and sorrow of a lover, who is trying to cope with the death of his loved one. Through the use of imperatives, the poet’s intentions are made very clear as the poem commences, ‘Stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone/prevent the dog from barking with a juicy bone’. This beginning line suggests that the narrator is trying to keep his composure and gain co ntrol, as this will give him a sense of security and reassurance to cope with the death of his loved one. Auden cleverly uses onomatopoeia to highlight our everyday lives, for example, the ticking of the ‘clocks’, the ringing of the ‘telephones’, the barking from the dog and the steady rhythm of the ‘drum’. These are all sounds that we hear in everyday life, and I feel that the narrator has a huge urge to stop it all, and be left with nothing but silence. I understand that the narrator is longing for silence, in respect for the dead, and also that he feels there is no meaning in the world moving on.I understand that when Auden uses direct words with negative connotation, ‘stop’, ‘cut off’, ‘silence’, ‘coffin’, ‘mourners’, he is emphasising the theme of death throughout the poem. Similarly, in A Case of Murder, Scannell also uses direct words with strong negative connotation to con vey the theme of death, ‘alone’, ‘hot blood’, ‘mad’, ‘furry dark’, ‘snarl of a grin’ ‘cracked like a nut’, ‘dumped’.Additionally, the poet employs a regular rhyme scheme in Funeral Blues, as Auden intentionally starts the poem with an AABA rhyme scheme in the first stanza, which soon becomes a regular AABB in the second stanza. The use of rhyming couplets also gives the poem a sense of evenness and a steady, somewhat fast, rhythm and tempo to the poem, which works with the steady beat of the ‘muffled drum’ set by Auden. I find that the fast rhythm and tempo of the poem works well with the narrator’s frustrated emotions that seem to pour out one after the other.Moreover, Auden stresses the narrator’s grief and frustration in the last line of the poem, ‘For nothing now can ever come to any good’. Auden contrasts ‘nothing’ and ‘goodâ€⠄¢ to emphasise that nothing is important anymore. This makes me feel sorrow towards the narrator, as he feels that nothing worthwhile can ever be fulfilled. Through the use of direct language with strong negative connotation, incorporated with nature, Auden successfully conveys the frustrating emotions of the narrator, in the theme of loss and death.In contrast to Funeral Blues, On My First Sonne, shows the grief and emotionally difficult situation in which a father loses his favourite son. Even though both poems deal with death and the loss of a loved one, On My First Sonne, pours out a stream of emotions and sorrow in a much more careful and indirect way, which reflects upon the renaissance period, in which On My First Sonne was written in. This poem is about the reflection of a father’s pain in his favourite son’s—‘thou child of my right hand’—death. He feels that god has taken his son away as a punishment, as his ‘sinne was too muc h hope of thee’, meaning he was too proud of his son, and expected high expectations of him.The father, Ben Jonson himself, speaks about how his son was the best thing he ever created, ‘Ben Jonson his best piece of poetrie’, and this reveals just how close and loving their relationship was. I find their relationship very similar to the relationship of the mother and son in the poem Refugee Mother and Child by Chinua Achebe. I find the starting line of the poem; ‘No Madonna and Child could touch/Her tenderness for a son’ expresses the close bond of the Mother and her son, for their love for one another is even greater than that of Madonna and Child.Furthermore, Achebe uses a lack of verbs to portray how tired the mother must be feeling, ‘waddling in labored steps’ and ‘dried-up bottoms waddling’. The use of sensory appeal and powerful imagery emphasise the theme of death all around the camp, ‘the air was heavy with odor s of diarrhea/of unwashed children with washed-out ribs’. Just by reading this line, I can already imagine what death must smell like and how unhealthy and starved these young children must be. Achebe uses many words to symbolise the theme of death, ‘struggling’, ‘skull’ and ‘grave’. This, in result, foreshadows that the mother will lose her son at some point of the poem, and that he cannot escape death. The last line of the poem, ‘like putting flowers on a tiny grave’ has the most impact for me.The word ‘flowers’ shows respect for the loss of a loved one and ‘grave’ stresses the sorrowful and lonesome idea of death. The word ‘tiny’ emphasises just how young the son must be, and this makes me feel sorrow for both the mother and her son, as her son has not yet experienced and fulfilled life entirely, and that he is too young to cope with the frightening idea of death. I can understand hi s mother’s grief, as she will never have the chance to watch him grow up, and make a life of his own. Instead, she is left to cope with, not only the harsh conditions in the refugee camp, but also the loss of her beloved son.On My First Sonne is in pure iambic pentameter, as is Rossetti’s Remember. Both narrators’ are dealing with death and loss, and the iambic pentameter brings a sense of calmness and evenness throughout the poem. Both narrators have similar purposes, as they are both trying to comfort themselves with the idea of never seeing their loved ones again, as well as comforting their loved ones. The narrator in Remember attempts to give her loved one a sense of comfort and security, while she has ‘gone faraway into the silent land’. ‘Silent land’ is less harsh than the idea of death and afterlife, and I think that Rossetti successfully achieves to make the idea of death seem rather calming.The narrator in On My First Sonne sh ows that the love for his son is caring and tender, ‘rest in soft peace’. Jonson uses words with positive connotation in this phrase, and the words, ‘rest’ and ‘soft’ bring a peaceful and calm image to my mind. When Jonson adds, ‘soft’, which emphasises how much he cares for his son, and how much he longs for his son to be happy during his ‘afterlife’. Jonson conveys the theme of death with the idea of resting in ‘soft peace’, as it makes the idea of death seem less frightening and more reassuring.Similarly, the poem Piano by D.H Lawrence also uses indirect words with positive connotation to convey the themes of loss and death. Even though the narrator does not have someone to comfort him, like the loved ones in Remember and On My First Sonne, the narrator reassures himself by remembering happy, and comforting memories of when he was a young boy with his mother, ‘hymns in the cozy parlor, the tinklin g piano in our guide’ and, ‘pressing the small, poised feet of a mother who smiles as she sings’. The line that has the most impact on me in the poem is, ‘Down in the flood of remembrance’.This line has such powerful imagery, and I can almost feel the rush of emotions pouring out of the narrator, and see the flood of tears that have overcome him. The word, ‘remembrance’ is powerful, as it not only conveys the narrator’s struggle of emotions as he copes with the loss of his mother, but also conveys the theme of death, as his mother can no longer be by his side, and he is only left with memories of his mother.In conclusion, all six poems use a broad variety of poetic techniques in order to explore and convey the main themes of both loss and death. Funeral Blues by W. H Auden was the most dramatic and direct poem, as Auden not only used a range of words with negative connotation, but he also explored effective techniques such as, imp eratives and onomatopoeia. Auden stresses the frustrating emotions that almost everyone would feel, if they ever experienced the loss of a loved one. Refugee Mother and Child by Chinua Achebe is a beautiful poem that expresses the unconditional love that a mother has for her son. Achebe successfully used powerful imagery throughout the poem, which made it even more sickening and sad. On My First Sonne by Ben Jonson was very similar to Refugee Mother and Child as both narrators had to cope with the loss of their children.Jonson conveyed the themes of loss and death much more carefully and delicately than the other two poems. Even though there were only a few words with positive connotation, Jonson still managed to create a reassuring, calming and comforting tone through the steady tempo of the iambic pentameter. I feel that the poem, which best represented both themes of death and loss, was Refugee Mother and Child due to Achebe’s use of powerful imagery and sensory appeal. I could feel a real connection with the mother, and I could imagine how tired she must have felt. I was strongly touched by the unconditional love that the mother had for her son, and, despite being tired, her determination to make the last moments of her son’s life the happiest. Discuss how the poets convey the theme of loss and death Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Health Care

Health Care Free Online Research Papers National health care would be a horrible plan for the Unites States right now. There isnt a single government agency or division that runs efficiently. Americans don’t really want an organization that developed the U.S. Tax Code handling something as complex as health care. Free health care isnt really free since we must pay for it with taxes; expenses for health care would have to be paid for with higher taxes or spending cuts in other areas such as defense and education. Profit motives, competition, and individual cleverness have always led to greater cost control and effectiveness. Government controlled health care would lead to a decrease in patient flexibility. Patients arent likely to control their drug costs and doctor visits if health care is free. Total costs will be several times what they are now. Nonprofit and government-run hospitals provide services to those who dont have insurance, and it is illegal to refuse emergency medical service because of a lack of insurance. Malpractice lawsuit costs, which are already could further explode since universal care may expose the government to legal liability, and the possibility to sue someone with deep pockets usually invites more lawsuits. Patients may be subjected to extremely long waits for treatment. Universal health care should be effect in America. The number of uninsured citizens has grown to over 45 million and Health care has become more and more unaffordable for businesses and individuals. We can eliminate wasteful inefficiencies such as photocopy paper work, claim approval, insurance submission. We can develop a central national database which makes diagnosis and treatment easier for doctors. Medical professionals can focus on healing the patient rather than on insurance procedures and malpractice liability. Free medical services would encourage patients to practice defensive medicine and request about problems early when treatment will be light; currently, patients often avoid physicals and other protective measures because of the costs. Patients with pre-existing conditions can still get health coverage. I think National Health care should develop in the United Sates. Most of these people are doing their best in low paying jobs and they are being penalized for not being on welfare, were they would get health care. Though the number of uninsured is large, the cost of providing them comprehensive care is small, because the sickest already receive expensive hospital care when their lives are threatened. Big companies are already subsidizing those without health care by being forced to pay extra on prescriptions and hospital cost. If this load was shared, our corporations could be more competitive with the rest of the world. There are huge companies who make billions off the current system and are contributing millions to politicians to make sure we dont end up with Nation Health Care. National health insurance is paid for with taxes that replace premiums. Universal health care will increase a person’s life expectancy and save lives. Research Papers on Health CareThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Fifth HorsemanArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Marketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceQuebec and CanadaLifes What IfsGenetic Engineering

Health care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Health care - Essay Example Statistics provided by the AFL-CIO (â€Å"What’s Wrong With America, par. 2) reveal that 47 million Americans are without health insurance. Hacker (â€Å"Health Care for America†, par. 2) averred that â€Å"health insecurity is not confined to one part of the population. It is experienced by all Americans: those without insurance as well as those who risk losing coverage; those who are impoverished as well as those with higher incomes who experience catastrophic costs; those who are sick or injured as well as those who are just one sickness or injury away from financial calamity†. It is the objective of this essay to determine if a universal health care system is the solution to America’s health care crisis. According to a report by the World Health Organization (â€Å"WHO Assesses the World Health Systems†, par. 3) â€Å"the U. S. health system spends a higher portion of its gross domestic product than any other country but ranks 37 out of 191 countries according to its performance†. But the report stated that in terms of responsiveness, the United States ranks first due to availability of the country’s resources to immediately respond to health care needs. In terms of health expenditure per capita, the USA ranked first but ranked 72 on level of health and on the overall health system performance, it ranked 37 (World Health Report 2000) out of 191 member nations included in the study. The health care in the United States are administered by private health institutions. There are no public hospitals owned by the government. Health insurance can be availed through a working individual’s employer or through a spouse’s or parents’ employers. Insurance can also be purchased individually. For the uninsured, a study conducted by Hadley and Holalan (â€Å"Covering the Uninsured†, par. 44) revealed that â€Å"a substantial amount is already being spent on care received by uninsured people. Much of this money flows through an elaborate and often

Case Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Case Analysis - Coursework Example A company with the biggest presence in the cosmetics industry is Estee Lauder. Its products are unique. The qualities of the manufacturing capabilities of this company spark interest of any retailer Kohl’s. Kohl sales lately have been depleting, thus the company need a boost. The executives identified the cosmetics department as its biggest weakness since in comparison with the industry sales generated by the cosmetics departments of other retailer their fell 93% short in overall sales in comparison with the industry standard. In order to make the cosmetics initiative work this company utilized an innovative marketing strategy to get the ball rolling. This report analyzes the alliance formed by Estee Lauder and Kohl to bring cosmetics products to Kohl’s stores. The rare agreement Estee Lauder and Kohn entered was a marketing alliance based on Estee Lauder producing a new exclusive cosmetics brand for Kohl’s of top quality cosmetics which would not be associated in any way with the typical Estee Lauder products eventhough they would be suppliers. Branding is a marketing strategy that can pay off great dividends. Branding is strategy that creates value for a firm by investing the image of a brand through advertising and other marketing tactics in order to create customer loyalty which brings recurrent sales (Kotler). The branding strategy is also very attractive for a company since it creates a goodwill for the company due to the fact customer pay premium price for branded products. The benefits associated with offering an Estee Lauder based product line for Kohl include turning cosmetics business from a losing operation to a income generating department that could easily account for 1/7th in the total sale of the stores instead of th e current 1%. The profit margin of the company will rise and the customer traffic associated with cosmetics sales will indirectly boost overall sales since the

"story of an hour "response Assignment

"story of an hour "response - Assignment Example Mallard who is free of her. The story ends with her death in a shock, seeing her living husband standing in the doorway (Chopin, Kate and Chopin 10). In the story, the writer employs specific structural techniques to heighten the drama. As the title suggests, the story is short. The structure used fits the subject matter quite well. The short story is made up of short paragraphs, consisting of two to three sentences. The story only covers an hour in the life of the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard. The time coverage runs from when she learns of her husband’s death and the time the husband unexpectedly returns home. The story makes a great impact, and one can quickly read it. The message is direct. The short story gives Louise an intense hour that she spends contemplating her independence. We immerse ourselves in her wild thoughts. The ‘heart disease’ echoed at the end of the story refers to the ‘heart trouble’ introduced at the beginning of the story. The structure intensifies the twist ending of the story (Chopin, Kate, and Chopin 9). The writer brings out the theme of the forbidden joy of independence. After Richards and Josephine shared the news of Bentleys death, Mrs. Mallard frequently grieves, although her reaction is more violent than other women. She realizes that she is an independent woman now that the husband had left her alone. The realization excites and enlivens her. Though, these are her private thoughts; she tries to squelch the feeling of joy she had. The word â€Å"free† escaped her lips. She sees her new independence as the center of her being. She even turns to prayers in hoping for a longer life to enjoy the freedom. The return of Bentley unwillingly yanks her independence to a level of killing her (Chopin, Kate, and Chopin 15). Another theme we find in the story is the inherent oppressiveness of marriage. The writer identifies that all marriages are

British Colonialism and its Linguistic Consequences

British Colonialism and its Linguistic Consequences Background Colonization (and more recently globalization) certainly accounts for the drastic changes in the linguistic landscapes of the world over the centuries. Conceptualized as as the directing control of politics, society and people by foreign states, colonization has imposed to the colonized several harmful challenges. The compulsory necessity of engaging with a language ascribed to oppression, exploitation and slavery stands out, though. Moreover, colonialism, in many territories meant also an imposed mosaic of different ethnic groups and human types that prior to European penetration, had different political, cultural and social structures which were randomly obliged to coexist in that space. Such impositions regarding language and life styles reflected and altered the identity of the colonized people and, according to TÃ ¼rkmen (2003), played an important role essential to colonialism to be successful: Identity is one of the indispensable components of colonialism, if we consider colonialism as a body; identity constitutes its spirit while the economic exploitation is its corporal body. The colonizer coming to the virgin lands with the feeling of colonial desire and obsession to have cheap profit in his heart finds himself ready to defame the inhabitants, regard them as the other. And he starts his policy by deterritorializing and reterritorializing (p.189). In that sense, people were forced to be what they are not. This is evident by the fact that the colonizers used to call the colonies new lands, as if they were virgin lands, uninhabited before their arrival. TÃ ¼rkmen (2003) stresses that the colonizers did not perceive their actions over the colonies as reconstruction because they did not consider the institutions and cultures established in the colonies as valuable. The colonizers also imposed their culture and language as a way to legitimize their power: In the colony what is asymmetrical, rather than merely different proves to be pathological. In order to legitimize their maltreatment, the colonizer tries to project the other not only different but also dangerous, primitive, aggressive, lazy, etc. The aim is making people feel that colonialism is not an unfair perpetration, rather, it is a necessary drive, for, and these people do not deserve these lands by virtue of their notorious traits. Also, the drive, after all, will promote their life standards. This is for their interest. (Robert Young in Colonialism and Desiring machine as cited in TÃ ¼rkmen (2003), p.190) As shown, the colonized is forced to internalize a new identity through the reinforcement of stereotypes by the colonizer, which is easily understandable if one thinks that the colonized finds him/herself in a circumstance they have never experienced before, after having been obliged to abandon all what constitutes his/her world. The colonized then has no option other than emulate the colonizer as a sole model in front of him. However, his attempt is rejected by the colonizer. Motivated by his urge for exploitation, he makes sure to set hard limits to the difference, as to them the difference is what feeds the colonial system, what legitimize and postulates it (TÃ ¼rkmen, 2003). So the colonized loses his former identity but he is also not supported in building a new one. As TÃ ¼rkmen (2003) puts, it, he will neither be like the colonizer nor himself. Thus, he lives in a complete oblivion. All at once, he is casted out from his history, memory and citizenship. Nonetheless, through colonialism identity is not totally lost, but set in the unknown ground temporally placed between prior and after the colonizers came. Identity and language Identity and the cognate terms in other languages have a long history as technical terms in Western philosophy from the ancient Greeks through contemporary analytical philosophy. They have been used to address the perennial philosophical problems of permanence amidst manifest change, and of unity amidst diversity. Wide spread vernacular and social-analytical use of identity and its cognates, however, is of much more recent vintage and more localized provenance. The introduction of identity into social analysis and its initial diffusion into social sciences and public discourse occurred in the United States in the 1960s (with some anticipation in the second half of the 1950s). The most important and best-know trajectory involved the appropriation and popularization of Erik Erikson (who was responsible, among other things, for coining the term identity crisis). But there were other paths of diffusion as well. The notion of identification was pried from its original, specifically psychoanalytic context (where the term had been initially introduced by Freud) and linked to ethnicity on the one hand and to sociological role theory and reference group theory. The term identity proved highly resonant in the 1960s diffusing quickly across disciplinary and national boundaries, establishing itself in the journalistic as well as the academic lexicon, and permeating the language of social and political analysis. (Davis, 2004, p.61) Stuart Hall, one of the well-known scholars specialized on identity, points that identity is dynamic, not stable and is in constant flux: Perhaps instead of thinking as identity as an already accomplished historical fact, which the new cinematic discourses represent, we should think, instead, of identity as a production, which is never complete, always in process, and always constituted within, not outside, representation (ibid 210), (Davis, 2004, p.184). Therefore, cultural identity can be considered as a historically located set of experiences that need to be recovered in order to fulfill the desire to become one nation or one people, hence, happens to the language. As it expresses beyond what its words signifies, language also reveals the way individuals situate themselves in relationship to others, the way they group themselves, the powers they claim for themselves and the powers they stipulate to others (Sterling, xxx). People use language to indicate social allegiances, that is, which groups they are members of and which groups they are not. In addition, they use language to create and maintain role relationships between individuals and between groups in such a manner that the linguistic varieties used by a community form a system that corresponds to the structure of the society. Therefore, a speaker uses language not only to express but to create a representation of him/herself in relation to others with whom s/he is interacting. The issue of respect is an aspect of the broader relationship between power and language. Power is the degree to which one interlocutor is able to control the behavior of the other. S/he then uses the language of intimacy and familiarity as they used it in greetings, communicating about family, and leave-takings. In talking about their jobs and other external acquaintances, they use the colonizers language, which possibly signs distance. Sterling (xxx) also argues that within a society or a culture, speech patterns become tools that speakers manipulate to group themselves and categorize others with whom they are interacting: Because of the relationship between language use and group membership, language can inspire deep group loyalties. It can serve as a symbol of unification on several levels. On the national level, language loyalty can serve an important political function. Many people in the United States are threatened by the use of languages other than English. To speak a language other than English is thought to be un-American. This is because English is promoted as the one and only possible language of a unified and healthy nation. On a local level, language is a symbol of loyalty to a community. (Sterling, xxx, p.xx). For the community as a whole, socialization through language learning creates conformity to social norms and transmits the culture of the community. As s/he learns language, a child learns the social structure of the culture, learning the appropriate linguistic form for each kind of person. This is part of communicative competence. Communicative competence is not only knowing how to speak the specific language(s) used in the speech community but also knowing how to use language appropriately in any given social situation in the community. And the ability to know that is closely related to the identity that one holds. Speech patterns become tools that speakers manipulate to group themselves and categorize others with whom they are interacting and that is only shared with those sharing a certain identity, whether in a community or a culture.

Jurassic Park :: essays research papers

Two paleontologists, Alan Grant and Ellie Sattler, were financed by John Hammond, a very wealthy man. The two were visited by a man named Morris who was very interested about Hammond. Apparently he had leased an island off the west coast of Costa Rica for some type of big development that had been in the making for some 10 years. Part of the plan was to buy large quantities of amber, which drew attention from Morris, because amber was of little or no value.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shortly after the visit the two paleontologists were called by Hammond to come visit his island. He told them it was a type of biological preserve that he believed would alter all science across the world. Hammond needed them to come look at his island to give him their opinions about weather the island was safe for business. Hammond said the island would be called Jurassic Park.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the development of the island word spread of the new finding to a rival company. Dodgson, who worked with the company knew that he knew Hammond was on to something big and he wanted a part of it. He arranged to met with one of Hammond's employees, Nedry. At the park he was in charge of design of the park's computer system. Nedry informed Dodgson that they were recreating dinosaur embryos but wasn't sure how. Nedry agreed to steal embryos from the park in exchange for $1 million.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the meantime Sattler and Grant arrived at the island where they met friends of Hammond’s, including Ian Malcolm, a famous mathematician. The others were Dennis Nedry; Henry Wu, the brains behind the park; and Ed Regis, a lawyer. Later Hammond's grandchildren arrived, Lex and Tim.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When all had arrived and were settled the tour began. It consisted of six people: Hammond's grandchildren, Malcom, Dr.Sattler and Dr.Grant, and Ed Regis. While on the tour it was explained how the dinosaurs were created. First amber that had hardened millions of years ago with mosquitoes or other blood drinking bugs. DNA was extracted from the blood and was used to recreate dinosaur embryos. There were 15 different species and 238 individual dinosaurs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the tour weather became bad weather. Because of the bad weather all power went out and without Nedry, who was quietly stealing embryos, it could not be fixed. However, Nedry was killed by a dinosaur because of a wrong turn.

Impact: Mass Media Essay

The presence and intensity of media influences—television, radio, music, computers, movies, videos, and the Internet—are increasingly recognized as an important part of the social ecology of children and youth, and these influences have become more visible and volatile in recent decades. The influence of the media on the psychosocial development of children is profound. Thus, it is important for parents to discuss with their children about their exposure to media and to provide guidance on age-appropriate use of all media, including television, radio, music, video games and the Internet. A child born in the 1930s might have spent as much as several hours a week listening to the radio; reading comic books, newspapers, or magazines; or watching a film at a local theatre. Since television was first introduced in the 1950s, the number of hours young people spend interacting in some way with media, as well as the range and capabilities of the many devices and activities that could be considered media experiences, have increased to an extent far beyond the imagining of today’s grandparents when they were young. Children today use electronic media from two to five hours daily, and infants—even in utero—are regularly exposed to a variety of media The objectives of this statement are to explore the beneficial and harmful effects of media on children’s mental and physical health, and to identify how physicians can counsel patients and their families and promote the healthy use of the media in their communities. Media: Media is the plural of medium and can take a plural or singular verb, depending on the sense intended. These are communication channels through which news, education, data, entertainment, or promotional messages are disseminated. Media includes very broadcasting and narrowcasting medium such as newspapers, TV, radio, magazines, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax, and internet. Types of media: The four general types of media are * Print media * Electronic media Print media: Definition: Print media is a rather commonly used term referring to the medium that disseminates printed matter. In everyday life we refer to print media as the industry associated with the printing and mostly with the distribution of news through a network of media, such as newspapers and journals. People also refer to print media simply with the term â€Å"press;† it’s an intermediate communicative channel aiming at reaching a large number of people. History: The printing revolution started with Johann Gutenberg in the 15th century and became the base for the expanded role of the dissemination of news introducing the means that provide print media mass circulation. The physical presentation of most publications and print media in the 20th century has been very similar to those of the 18th and 19th centuries–printed on a large sheet of paper, and often folded to facilitate storing and carrying. Types: Print media include all printed forms of press: newspapers, newsletters, booklets, magazines and pamphlets as well as other printed publications such as books and printed literature. The vast majority of print media refers to the publications that sell advertising space to raise revenue. Most print media, with the exception of magazines and journals are local or national, while many magazines are international. Out-of-home media: Out-of-home media is also known as place-based media. This includes billboards, outdoor boards, transit posters, theatre and video ads, product placements in movies, aerial advertising, electronic kiosks, ads in elevators, banner displays on ATMs, sidewalk chalk messages, etc. Significance: Audiences learn and distinguish priorities from reading print media; it might be less obvious but the audiences committed to the press use it as a surrogate for their social entourage and the community. People adopt the press agenda of issues as their own. Different types of individuals become more focused on the same public issues, suggesting that the significance of print media is to draw people around the same particular public themes and issues. This role and function of print media has been important throughout the centuries and is likely to remain the same. Future: Towards the end of the 20th century, the sentence â€Å"press is dead† was found among many media panels around the world. In the 21st century, the development of Internet, electronic news and online publications have shown us that people resort to electronic media to gather information. However, reality indicates that although people read daily news online and check blogs and websites for information, they flock to the press stands when they want to hold news in their hands and want to read something they trust. Impact of print media on younger generations: The rapid growth of print media in almost all the major parts of the world was bound to create across-the-board changes in the life of people. Print media effects the youth both positively and negatively Followings are the positive effects of media: Language The first to benefit from the printed words is the language itself. Younger people are far from knowing the standard language of their land. The printing of books and letters in high number standardizes the languages and make them an effective tool of communication by setting certain meanings of words, phrases, symbols and signs. Knowledge of science and technology The newspapers and manuals proved a great success in highlighting the work of scientists and new ideas on technologies. Spreading the science ideas across the World, the print media worked as a catalyst for informing the youth as well as everyone about what’s going on around. Due to all this awareness, mostly younger people become enthusiastic to perform and help in the development of their homeland. Politics Print media plays a very important role in developing a sense of politics in youth. Gathering all the political news for print media such as newspapers, magazines etc. they become aware of their country’s political situation and about what’s best for their country. They understand who to keep and who to put away. In this way they become a key to their country’s success. Education The print media has been largely responsible for running educational campaign for ordinary people. Not only pieces of information or news are conveyed to readers, experts from almost all the major fields of life, medicine, education, environment, economists and religious scholars write in the print media. This is an enormous thing to be done by the media. Younger generations, after picking all this from print media, lean more towards education. So, print media helps in developing interest of education in youth. Bring world closer The media has been responsible to bring the world closer. It tells similarities in human living and the differences so that people intending to travel due to business, health or educational purposes know in advance about the new land. It tells interesting features, discoveries and historical heritage to urge people to visit each other’s lands and thus know each other better than before. In this way youth gets connected for education, health, business or just-for-fun purposes. In this way, the whole world excels better in every field. Promoting Literacy Print media such as newspapers and magazines can promote youth literacy. In rural communities in the developing world, for example, illiteracy rates may be high in the absence of any reading matter. In such cases, having any kind of readily available print media can be a great benefit. Sports and entertainment: Not that the media is always busy in serious and rather sober matters of education and politics, it has done a great deal of entertainment by reporting articles and information about music, sports and other recreational activities. Younger generation learning all about sports, become enthusiastic to work out and take active part in sports which makes healthy both physically and mentally. Followings are the negative effects of print media: Exploiting Wealth and Beauty: Unfortunately, print media can negatively affect youth. Magazines publish images of women who are abnormally tan, thin and blemish-free. Amid a wealth of such images, girls tend to believe they must look this â€Å"perfect† to be found attractive. Similarly, wealthy, muscular men are portrayed as the ideal in print media, which can emasculate financially struggling boys or men who don’t have â€Å"six-pack abs.† Publishers have set a standard for what â€Å"beauty† is and continue to send unrealistic messages about physical perfection. Promoting Unhealthy Lifestyles: The print media emphasis on wealth and beauty can lead to unhealthy behaviour. Fad diets, for example, may encourage people to lose weight too rapidly. And the status issues and consumerism encouraged by popular print media may encourage people to work longer hours, sacrificing sleep and exercise. And younger people are affected by all this the most as they are not very mature. Wrong Message: The negatives in society are highlighted with the purpose of awakening people about them. For example, the negative effects of addiction are portrayed through advertisements. But unfortunately sometimes, the message is misconstrued. It reaches the masses in the wrong way. What is shown with an intent to ‘spread a message’ ends up becoming a bombardment of the bad, the ugly. The bad is overinflated and the good goes unnoticed. Depiction of the bad has a negative impact on kids not mature enough to interpret what they are being shown. So they may indulge in negative activities. Electronic media: Introduction: In a world influenced by satellite and cyber-space technology, electronic media has a highly significant role to play in shaping the life and destiny of nations. The visual media, notably television, has a stupendous, impact upon moulding human minds and opinion. In the given scenario the electronic media has an onerous responsibility in addressing the socio-economic problems of societies and disseminating unbiased information. This responsibility can be effectively shouldered if the media treads the path of accuracy and objectivity in transmission of its programmes. Definition: Electronic media are media that use electronics or electromechanical energy for the end-user (audience) to access the content. Types: The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public are better known as video recordings, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, slide presentations, CD-ROM and online content. Any equipment used in the electronic communication process e.g. desktop computer, game console, handheld device, television, radio, telephone, may also be considered electronic media. Electronic media can be subdivided into two main categories: Broadcast media: Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via radio, television, or other, often digital transmission media. Receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large subset of thereof. Broadcast media includes radio, television cable, satellite services and cinemas. Interactive media/Social media: Interactive media is two-way media that allows both companies and customers to send and receive messages between one another. This includes websites, mobile phones, telephone etc. Significance: Life is not a simple thing as it used to be in the past few centuries. People had less demands and less requirements in the past as compare to today. Today people know about their rights and they are also very well aware of their requirements and demands. The importance of education and science cannot also be denied. So far your question that what is the role of media in our life can be explained like this. Media is playing an important role in the systems of present life. People want to remain informed about everything and news, which is taking place anywhere in the world. The world has become a global village and this is because of media only. Now people living in different countries know everything about the people of other countries sitting at home with the help of media. Education has become very easy and understandable with the help of audio and video media because children understand things through them quite easily. The main advantage of media is current information, which is available round the clock and people remain informed about important news through radio, television and other sources. So we can say the role of media is very important in our life. Impact of electronic media on younger generations: The attentional demands of electronic media range from rapt (video games) to passive (much TV), but this is the first generation to directly interact with and alter the content on the screen and the conversation on the radio. Teenagers emotionally understand electronic media in ways that adults don’t — as a viral replicating cultural reality, instead of as a mere communicator of events. For example, portable cameras have helped to shift TV’s content from dramatic depiction’s to live theatre, extended (and often endlessly repeated and discussed) live coverage of such breaking events as wars, accidents, trials, sports, and talk-show arguments. What occurs anywhere is immediately available everywhere. Our world has truly become a gossipy global village, where everyone knows everyone else’s business. Here is how electronic media effects the youth negatively Blind Imitation: When you try to imitate your role models from the glamor industry, do you give a thought to whether you are doing right or wrong? It is often seen that young girls and boys imitate celebrities blindly. The impact of media is such that the wrong, the controversial, the bad is more talked about. Sometimes, little things are blown out of proportion thus changing the way they are perceived by the audience. Media highlights controversies and scandals in the lives of celebrities. The masses fall for this being-in-the-news and end up imitating celebrities without much thought. Those at a vulnerable age, especially children and teenagers are highly influenced by anything that is put before them in a jazzy way. At that age, they are attracted to anything that’s flashy and anything that can make news. Negativity: To some extent, media is responsible for generating negative feelings among those exposed to it. An early exposure to bold or violent films, books publishing adult content and news portraying ugly social practices has a deep impact on young minds. If children are bombarded with fight sequences, stunt work, sex and rape scenes, suicides and murders through books or movies, they are bound to leave a scar on these impressionable minds. And not just children, the unpleasant can impact even an adult’s mind. Adults may have the maturity to distinguish between the good and the bad, but bombarding only the bad can affect anyone at least at the subconscious level. Haven’t you had experiences of a bad dream after watching a violent movie? Or of imagining something scary happening to you after watching a horror film? Or a sudden fear gripping your mind after reading about a murder in your city? The reality should be depicted but not so gaudily that it’ll have a lasting impact on people’s minds. Health Problems: Media has negative effects on the physical and psychological well-being of society. People spending hours in front of a television or surfing the Internet experience eye problems. Lack of physical activity leads to obesity problems. Media influences public opinion and impacts the choices that people make. The media does play a role in portraying thin as beautiful and fat as ugly. It has led to a general opinion that size-zero is the in thing and fat and chubby are out. This makes the overweight feel out of place. They are ready to starve themselves to lose weight. This can and has led to increasing cases of anorexia. An inferiority complex and lowered confidence in people with not-so-perfect bodies can lead to eating disorders. In a survey done on fifth graders by the National Institute on Media and the Family, it was found that kids had become dissatisfied with their bodies after watching a video of a certain very popular artiste and a certain scene from a popular TV show (names omitted on purpose). Right or Wrong Dilemma: The media is so overwhelming that the masses end up believing everything it says/shows. Media sources are so many in number and all of them so convincingly make their point that it is hard to distinguish between right and wrong. The media is constantly bombarding us with information. How far do we go to check its authenticity? How deep do we dig to get to the root of something that’s making news? How critically do we judge the reality of reality shows and the truth behind true stories? We don’t think, we believe. We don’t judge, we get influenced. And that’s how impactive media is.

KKK1 essays

KKK1 essays The Ku Klux Klan, or KKK as known today, was started in the spring of 1866. Six Confederate veterans formed a social club in Pulaski, Tennessee. This KKK only lasted a short six years, but left tactics and rituals that later started in generations. (Ingalls, 9) The Klan was a small group very much in secrecy at first. The exact date of the beginning is unknown. Despite all of the secrecy the six KKK members initiated new members to join their social club. (Ingalls, 9) A year after the creation of the KKK, the onetime social club joined the raising campaign against the Republican Reconstruction. The "new" direction of the Klan was well planned and organized. The Klan was now ready to expand to a bigger group. The Klan adopted a prescript. This was an organizational structure permitting the Klan to spread across the south. New members had to be over 18, pay $1, sworn to secrecy, recruits pledged to "protect the weak, the innocent, and the defenseless, from the indignities, wrongs, and outrages of the lawless, the violent, and the brutal." The highly centralized plan for expanding the KKK, spread so rapidly that most chapters operated alone. The founders of the KKK lost control, and it became impossible to talk about a single KKK. Yet Klan activities still followed a common pattern throughout the south. (Ingalls 11-12) The Klan now started to spread across Tennessee. At first the Klan used tricks to keep blacks "in their place". At first, the Klan would ride around on horses, and with their white robes, and white pointed masks, try to scare blacks. They would try to act like ghost with their white uniforms. Unfortunately, the Klan quickly moved to more violent pranks. (Ingalls, 12) The Klan would now suppress blacks. The Klan leaders proved unable to control their followers. Although the violence was often random, there was a method in the madness. The victims were almost always black or if white, associated with the hatred of ...

Global Leadership essayEssay Writing Service

Global Leadership essayEssay Writing Service Global Leadership essay Global Leadership essayThe paper will focus on cross cultural for Global leaders. Specifically, with regard to global organizations, the paper will also attempt to reconcile the imbalance between global and local concerns by proposing a framework that merges a new understanding of culture with a classical leadership approach. The paper objective is to achieve more effective cross cultural practice. The paper should show the effectiveness of great leaders when they have good communicate skills. This is actually one of the most challenging course a leader will face. Knowing how to communicate will take away the fear of culture shock. Culturally intelligent leaders must understand that the way they communicate is critical to their success. As a global leader, you need to use clear language, which may also determine how much information will need to be imparted in order to achieve the required goal and what the consequences and/or rewards are for the followers. The leader must always lea rn how to adjust their communication style to adjust or transition from one culture to the next.

Organisations face a variety of contradictory and competing approaches Essay

Organisations face a variety of contradictory and competing approaches when deciding whether or not to comply with industry norms - Essay Example The Group's mobile subsidiaries operate under the brand name 'Vodafone'. In the United States the Group's associated undertaking operates as Verizon Wireless. During the last two financial years, the Group has also entered into arrangements with network operators in countries where the Group does not hold an equity stake. Under the terms of these Partner Network Agreements, the Group and its partner networks co-operate in the development and marketing of global services under dual brand logos. At 30 September 2007, based on the registered customers of mobile telecommunications ventures in which it had ownership interests at that date, the Group had 241 million customers, excluding paging customers, calculated on a proportionate basis in accordance with the Company's percentage interest in these ventures. Vodafone seeks to be the worldwide communications leader in over the period of the next 2-5 years. In order to accomplish this, they will first and foremost have to deal with telecommunication industry regulations (Damien & Kerf 2003). Vodafone also consistently has to address customer complaints that stem from their competitors. International trends also play a factor, including "the liberalization of the terminal equipment market and the market for value-added services" (Bauer 1994). In order to stay ahead of the g... ing against global sourcing decisions across companie, and provid[ing] compliance measurement reports," as well as perfect the use of cellular phones for "tracking persons through the global positioning system" (Bauer 1994). According to Balsinde et al.: Multiple opportunities are open for Vodafone. One, cheaper UK-US phone calls would divert traffic from Europe to be routed via London to the US, turning Britain into a vital telecommunications hub. Two, There is still a huge market which is still untapped for mobile services. About 78 out of a hundred UK residents still do not have mobile phone services; this is a potential market that Vodafone needs to address. Three, Vodafone can create a strong market niche in the 3G telephone systems set-up since it has the technological advantage, financial expertise and marketing network to compete with other major players. The fourth strength is the full liberalization of the telecommunications market will enable Vodafone to make its presence felt in the new member countries of the European Union (EU). The fifth strength is that once the benefits of EU industry regulation outweigh their potential costs, Vodafone can operate unhampered in the EU. The efficient allocation of regulatory resources will result in consistent regulatory decisions across EU member-states. The sixth strength is that the UK economy offers low business taxes, low real interest rates, robust growth in demand, substantial falls in equipment prices and the effect of a strong stock market in reducing the cost of capital. These positive factors favor business growth in areas which require the installation of substantial new capital such as the mobile phone business. The seventh strength is that the overall picture of telecommunications in the UK is one

Discuss critically the main successes and failures of Tony Blair's New Essay - 1

Discuss critically the main successes and failures of Tony Blair's New Labour governments 1997-2007 - Essay Example He advocated for equal rights and equal opportunities for the citizens enhancing cohesion in the respective states. He was recognized for his work by different politicians for instance Margaret Thatcher the first Prime Minister referred to him as a great inventor for the great impact he had made in the labour party. He brought out his issues in controversial basis. History recognizes him as the most radical and boldest leader in British politics. The essay discusses in details the main successes and failures of Tony Blair. Primarily Tony Blair achievements are evident especially in the Labour Party. He fought for the rights of the citizens especially on the basis of income and their working conditions. In the 1960s, the National Minimum wage was raised to ?5.52. This was because of the charismatic nature of Tony. He made sure that poverty levels reduced and the economic life sustained on prosperity basis. History recognizes him as a peacemaker for instance, he stopped the genocide th at was happening in Kosovo and also ended the violence that impacted negatively in Northern Ireland (Faucher & Le 2010, p. 10). His reforms brought a great impact in Britain. For instance, during his leadership as a prime minister the crime rates reduced by 32 per cent. In addition, the funding for the pupils in England doubled. Because of Tony Blair’s effort, Britain was modernized especially on the bases of economic development. During his leadership, economic growth was sustained for almost ten years. Different programmes came in to fund the economy of the country. All the expanding programmes were funded by the big corporation because of the stability of the government that was evident in the state. Taxes were distributed equally among the members of the community. Tony also facilitated the expansion of the public sector in comparison to the private sectors hence creating job opportunities in the government institutions. Different politicians came in to support the boomin g economy of Britain especially in the area of schools, public safety and hospitals. He embraced Margaret Thatcher’s idea of free market policies to enhance the development of the economy (Davis 2013, p. 26). He is also recognized for being able to keep peace especially in Northern Ireland. He advocated for a strong Europe economy. This is because he knew that, the economy was important to enhance the growth of the country. His introduction of the red tape procedures enhanced the administration of the economic sector. In 1999, he staged out a strategy on the international community doctrine, which happened in Chicago. In his strategy, Tony advocated for the development of the economy. He gave emphases on the development of public policies. Public policies were based on health care (Gauld 2009, p. 26). He advocated for the development of the society specifically on the economic bases. Different corporations supported the growth of the economy by investing directly to the econo my. Through the leadership of Tony, funds were allocated for the development of the economy. Because of his charismatic nature, they the funds were allocated in different projects for instance in the building of schools. The labour party under the leadership of Tony has had different achievements in different sectors of the economy. During his leadership the economy of the country improved by the sustaining low inflation on the part of the government (Page 2007, p. 120).

Beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Beauty - Essay Example Against this backdrop, this essay intends to demonstrate deep thought on the idea of ‘beauty.’ More often, the idea of beauty is often related to peoples’ physique. Women in the modern day often desire to look beautiful. Identifiably, they often engage in conducting varied sorts of activities with the purpose of looking more attractive. However, the idea of beauty is not limited to peoples’ physique. In contrast, some people would perceive the idea of beauty more than outer appearances. In this regard, beauty can be ugly and sadness as well. In this respect, it can be quoted that â€Å"Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder.† Notably, everything has its own beauty but the differences lie how an individual perceive things. Beauty can be categorized as combination of numerous factors. Notably, in humans, beauty can be duly considered as the combination of goodness and confidence. Although it is not essential for every individual to have positive or negative conceptions regarding beauty, rather the perceptions of the people regarding beauty can vary. For in stance, an individual may perceive the seven colors in the rainbow to be beautiful, while others may have the opposite viewpoint. In certain circumstances, an individual may compare one individual with another or one object with another in order to judge beauty. A few individual may involve extensive analysis of an individual or an object based on which they may develop the idea of beauty. It is worth mentioning that people often tend to relate the idea of beauty with attractiveness. Although it can be stated that one may find a particular person or an object to be attractive, the same person may not relate it with beauty. Thus, it depends on inimitable characteristics, desires, and beliefs of an individual that influences their perceptions to decide what is beautiful. Notwithstanding, everything in this

Benetton baby Essay Example for Free

Benetton baby Essay Benetton baby was produced as a 1991 advertising campaign that also included images of a priest kissing a nun and coloured leaves floating in a sea of petrol. Although I would presume Benetton would be trying to show the beauty and goodness of the new born baby they claim Benetton is not trying to emphasise the beauty a and goodness of its apparel, but rather is trying to capture the interest or people The objective is to brake through the barrier of indifference. But I believe that the image is in anyway offensive or wrong. The image consists of a newborn baby trailing its umbilical cord, the baby is covered in blood, and two hands, presumably of a Doctor, are waiting to receive the child. This was created to appear on billboard so the shire size would make the image impossible to be missed. The background is white therefore the baby stands out. The logo is included to the left of the advertisement and is very small almost insignificant. The image is very clear and not edited in any way to make the situation more attractive I agree with the advertisement entirely. Although it is a strange way to advertise I have no objections. The image is very large and might not be what all people want to witness it but birth of babies are publicized on the television as entertainment or education in more graphic detail. Isnt a baby being born the most wonderful experience? But people did however complain, the public disagreed strongly with this image the poster. Has attracted more than 800 complaints. 800 is not a particularly large amount when in comparison with the millions that would have witness the advertisement. The complaints consisted of the image is shocking and distasteful , many children are reported to have found it disturbing and objections regarding the exploitative use of such an image to sell clothes. All complaints where made to an advertising organisation called the ASA. The Advertising Standards Authority began in 1962 by the advertising industry. The ASA practises a voluntary code of practice called The British Code of Advertising and sales promotion practise. The code declares that all advertisements must be legal, decent honest and truthful. They must not be offensive or downgrade competitors they must not deliberately misinform. Benetton baby does break some of these rules. The first rule broken in some points of view is decency No advert should contain any matter that is likely to cause widespread offence. The advert may be offensive to a mother who recently had a miscarriage. As to a woman whose child has recently died or to a woman who cannot become a mother. Etc. however this information cant be held against Benetton as a second rule in the code states, [t]he fact that a product may be found offensive by some people Is not a sufficient basis under the code for objecting an advertisement for it therefore the advert is within its own rights. Honesty . cause be easily grasped and clearly understood the advertisement isnt entirely clear. From the advertisement alone you are not able to grasp what exactly the clothing company is retailing. However the advertisement does not lead you to believe that the Benetton Company sells babies or anything else, for that matter. Looking death in the face An ad showing the image of a man dying of AIDS, surrounded by his family. The logo is present also but, as with the others, it is small and unimportant. The camera shot is very provocative, it is very close up. The dying man obviously and purposely is made to resemble Jesus this has been done by computer. The image almost makes you fell an intruder in the scene. This has led to furious debate about the limits of advertising. Benetton claims, It was as if the reality of suffering only had dignity and moral value in the editorial section of a newspaper and lost all its ability to denounce and sensitize people when in `contagious contact with advertising. Published by an English daily before its official presentation, the photo provoked a controversy that extended from Great Britain throughout the world. The AIDS ad may, however be seen by some as trying to profit from peoples pain rather than simply offending the more traditionalist members of society. One British AIDS charity agreed, while some American gay activists disagree, saying the advertisements gives the issue a higher public profile. The parents of the dying man may feel the same since, according to Benetton, they approved the companys use of the photo. With this new project, Benetton has once again chosen to look reality in the face by embarking upon a social issue, as he did in previous campaigns that focused on war, Aids, discrimination and racism. Harshly attacked by some and internationally applauded by others, Benettons campaigns have managed to tear down the wall of indifference contributing at increasing the awareness of universal problems among worlds citizens. Both the advertisements, Benettons baby and looking death in the face Where concealed and eventually banned across the world. There is more to this than the old saying that all publicity is good publicity. Oliviero Toscani, Benettons adman, claims the campaigns are not designed to offend, but rather to raise consciousness. A more plausible interpretation is that Benetton is trying to sell sweaters to the young and hip and those who like to think of themselves in that way. What better means to appeal to them than by offending an older generation of their parents? 7th January 2000 At the beginning of the new millennium, Benetton publicized the real faces of the prisoners on death row, without a future. Remorseful or unremorseful, smiling or sad, healthy or ill, they all are guilty in the eyes of the human law. Many have their arms crossed; one is shown reading the Bible. Almost all of them are looking directly at the camera, at you. These portraits of dozens of individuals sentenced to death are the results of Oliviero Toscanis two years of work which he visited several American prisons. The campaign is about the death penalty this project aims at presentation to the public the reality of capital punishment, aiming to prevent people considering the death penalty as a distant matter, just something they might hear about on television. Toscanis images intend to give back a human face to the prisoners on death row, to remind respectable people who are always so sure theyre right that these people are human Beings not virtual characters easily removed or secured with a simple click as with a game. The campaign appeared on billboards and on the pages of the major publishing companies around Europe, America and Asia in January 2000. Toscani spoke for the prisoners when he said, that having killed has changed them forever, and for the worst. Speedy Rice a writer, on behalf of the NACDl (National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers) who has contributed to the campaign by patiently contacting and negotiating with prisons Mr. Rice mentions that during 1999 there has been a huge rise in the number of executions in the United States. Of the 600 death sentences that were passed between 1976 and the end of the 20thcentury, approximately 100 executions were carried out in 1999. Benetton advertisements to me have a strong meaning, which differs from individual to individual. For some the adverts are merely indicating how ignorant the world is today. How people emphasise on looking a certain way and how they foresee others. To others they may be seen as a source of entertainment something to discuss on the train or to your local cab driver that will never silence. There are many other views but mine is this I agree entirely with the advertisements, although others wont. The ads are unique and contain moral issues that may keep the brain puzzled all day to find. As there has been such uproar in disagreement concerning the ads this has given Benetton a vast amount of free advertisement. I like all the adverts I have been analysing although I do prefer the death row images. These appeal to me a majority more as they have more of a moral message, and become challenging to comprehend the death penalty law. You are left asking yourself, Do I agree with the death penalty? All of the benetton advertisements caused great amounts of controversial disagreement. The three mentioned esspecialy, as to more than half the world they have no meaning, as to others they offend highly.

Capital Punishment :: essays research papers fc

Capital Punishment Introduction: Think for a moment about the fall into sin. Think about the people in Noah’s day. Sodom and Gomorrah. What is the punishment inflicted upon all of them by God? Death. The death penalty, or capital punishment, is the first and harshest penalty for sin. Although it has evolved and changed form over the years, and is now decided upon by men playing God, it is still an acceptable, God pleasing form of punishment. I am going to tell you what capital punishment is, its history, its current role in the justice of criminals, and why I believe that it pleases God. Body: Capital punishment, simply put, is killing someone for a crime that they have committed. This crime is murder. In some countries and states, it is considered acceptable to kill the person who has taken the life of another. The methods of execution have varied since the beginning of time, but three current popular ways include the gas chamber, lethal injection, and the electric chair. My overhead shows the different ways that states used for execution in 1994. In addition to the three most popular choices, a hanging and a firing squad are also used in a few states. According to the book â€Å"Should We Have Capital Punishment† by JoAnn Bren Guernsey, these choices were made with the goal of a more humane murder in mind. The gas chamber is a small, sealed room in which the prisoner sits strapped to a chair. A lethal gas is sent through the floor of the room, and death usually takes about five minutes. Lethal injections simply involve the insertion of a needle filled with poison into a vein and injected. This procedure can be effective, but also takes long amounts of time quite often. The electric chair was invented as a way to quickly and painlessly kill the prisoner, but has proven to not be as effective as thought. It has taken up to three 2000 volt shocks to kill someone, with fire, sparks, and smoke reported to be seen coming from their head. None the less , the electric chair is currently the most popular method of execution. The history of capital punishment goes back to the beginning of time. The punishment for the fall into sin was death. God first punished Adam and Eve by banishing them from the Garden of Eden, and forcing them to endure pain and conflict as a reminder of their sin.

Nationalism of the Roundhouse Kick: Traditional Japanese Martial Arts

There are many aspects of Japanese culture and society that make it one of the most well-liked countries in the world today, at least according to the Anholt-GfK Roper Nation Brands Index. The technological innovations stemming from the country and the reputation of companies such as Honda, Toyota, Nintendo, and Sony make for an international focus on Japan’s industrial prowess. Added to that is the ever-rising popularity of manga and anime, and altogether, they form a strong nationalist feeling in Japan, yet entirely different from the nationalism of the wartime period. However, there is another facet of Japanese culture rooted in historical significance that evokes an alternate sense of pride within the population: martial arts. It is important not only to look at the physical aspects of these martial arts tradition, but the mental ones as well. Through the historical background of types of Japanese martial arts such as karate-do, jujutsu, aikido, and kenjutsu, the progress ion of the arts and a break from their origins, and eventually their place in Japanese sports and society today (karate, judo, kendo, and sumo), we will see how Japanese martial arts shifted back and forth between military and physical philosophy, and pacifist and Zen-like philosophy. To begin, it is generally difficult to pinpoint a consensus date for the commencement of a martial arts tradition in Japan because the learning of these arts was mostly done orally and through practice. It is by and large agreed upon that all of the Oriental martial arts have their roots in China, from the founder of Zen Buddhism, the Indian monk Bodhidarma (Daruma for the Japanese), in the 6th century. The principles of Zen Buddhism would later be reflected in most of the ph... ...sian Martial Arts 3, no. 4 (1994): 63-75. Official Website of the Olympic Movement. Athletes. http://www.olympic.org/athletes, (assessed April 3, 2012). Saotome Mitsugi. The Princples of Aikido. Boston: Shambhala, 1989. Skidmore, Max J. â€Å"Oriental Contributions to Western Popular Culture: The Martial Arts,† Journal of Popular Culture 25, no. 1 (1991): 129-148. Sumo. Japan Guide. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2080.html, (assessed April 3, 2012). Suzuki Tatsuo, Karate-Do. New York: Perigee Books, 1984. Tan, Kevin S. Y. â€Å"Constructing a Martial Tradition: Rethinking a Popular History of Karaet-dou.† Journal of Sport and Social Issues 26, no. 2 (2004): 169-192, doi: 10.1177/0193723504264772. World Karate Federation. 20th World Karate Federation Championship Results. http://www.wkf. net/index.php? option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=58, (assessed April 3, 2012).

Contemporary Online Remix Culture Essay

Contemporary online remix culture continues the political and aesthetic practices associated with hip-hop. Discuss. For centuries artists have copied the masterworks of the past, they have borrowed from their contemporaries and from popular culture. Appropriation and remix methods can be found within the entertainment, music and fashion industries, texts and ideas, and extend to virtually every part of our culture. In today’s digital world remix has become a widespread phenomenon with extensive incorporation of borrowed imagery and sound into artistic practice. This activity of taking samples from pre-existing works and combining them into new product plays a vital role in society and raises questions around copyright laws which run counter to this notion that we build on the work of others (Navas 2009). Hip-hop techniques of sampling and manipulating pre-existing works to create new material and its own message can be seen to mirror contemporary online remix practices. This essay will focus on how contemporary online remix culture continues the political and aesthetic practices associated with hip-hop. Apart from looking at the actual practice of sampling this essay will examine how hip-hop was a way for the unheard and underrepresented people to make their voices heard and express hopes and frustrations of a community. Furthermore, this essay will look at how hip-hop continues to produce political discourse and how this also has been taken up by online remix culture. Finally, it will examine issues surrounding copyright issues of music and imagery in today’s digital world.

Leadership and Organizational Studies, Dollar Tree

Leadership and Organizational Studies, Dollar Tree Free Online Research Papers Dollar Tree is the nation’s largest single price point retail with over 3300 stores across the United States. Originally founded in 1953 by K.R. Perry under the name of Ben Franklin variety stores. Then in 1970 Macon Brock, Doug Perry, Ray Compton and K.R. Perry changed the name to KK 5and 10 and a few additional stores were then opened. In 1986 the first Dollar Tree was opened and the KK stores were sold to K.B. Toys. (Associate Handbook 2006) By 1995 Dollar Tree began being traded on NASDAQ and by 2009 Dollar Tree stores numbered over 3300 coast to coast and being headquartered in Chesapeake Virginia. In addition to the stores Dollar Tree also operates 12 distribution centers with the logistics being mostly contracted out to Swift Trucking. During the four years employed by Dollar Tree several issues have been noticed that have lead to organizational and leadership problem. The first issue noticed is the rate of pay and lack of consistent pay increases. While many other retail organizations are starting associates with experience above minimum wage Dollar Tree does not. In addition other retail and no retail business to be competitive try and give wages above minimum wage and again Dollar Tree will not. Once someone is hired by Dollar Tree the method for reviews and raises is not set in writing and many store managers do not even bother to give part time associates reviews and raises when they are deserved. This has created some very poor job performance and job satisfaction. The is the hours kept by store management. The store managers are salaried managers and are required to work at least 48 hours. Many store managers have been told to work until the job is done or do whatever it takes to make sure your store is to standards. That can mean anything, store managers have worked open (7 am) to close (930pm) many times in one week because their stores were not up to company standards or a delivery was late or a sick call by an assistant manager. But mainly it is the attitude that the store manager will do whatever it takes that can and has ruined are marred job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is and was low also because of the procurement and logistics. Dollar Tree stocks their stores based largely on a computer assisted ordering system , which is when an item is sold in the store it begins to generate an order to restock that item. It sounds and should be an excellent tool, but there are other factors involved which confuse and complicate the restocking. Store size and sales also affect store’s orders. Procurement has not updated many of the stores data that affect these orders. For example the store I ran in Bedford Virginia was 13,000 square feet and should have a sales goal of 2 m illion a year. In reality the store began sales at 850,000 when I took over and when I left sales were at 1.25 million. While the 1.25 million was a bit more in line with the stores sales projection it was not enough to handle the excess stock that allocations were sending to the store. This created frustration because the staff was spending more time than needed unloading trucks. The unloading of trucks was another issue that caused frustration within management and with associates. All product was hand stacked on the trucks not palletized. This meant unstable loads, damaged product, ,long hours unloading trucks and at times late trucks forcing others to stay late or causing only management to unload to save payroll. Being a store manager meant 8 weeks of training and for assistants it meant 2 weeks of training. When I was hired I was in and out of training in 4 weeks and made to help train other store and assistant store managers. This was extremely aggravating to me and those I was training. So many mistakes were made by me and I was training them. In the end I was demoted from a DST( district store trainer) managing a high bonusing store to a store manager in a store that was struggling and in a bad area of Mesa, Az. Not only have I been unsatisfied with the company and my job because of training but so have many others I have tried to train as my assistants or regular associates. We were never given extra training hours to successfully train any new employee. We were forced to schedule them in a shift that was meant for regular production or cashiering, therefore, we were not able to successfully train them on true policies and procedures. Lastly, Dollar Tree’s upper management was not consistent in following through on adhering to policies and procedures and making changes when needed. When changes were made, they were implemented suddenly and this caused frustration and poor job satisfaction. Also, when it came to discipline, what was done for one person was not done for someone else in the same type of scenario. There was also inconsistencies in salaries in the form of higher pay for males, younger experienced managers, and in some cases, higher pay for certain ethnic backgrounds. According to Free Management Library Job satisfaction is in regard to ones feelings or states of why associates are disgruntled are poor wages and the company taking an attitude of â€Å"if you do not like it go work somewhere else†. (Fedec 2010) This dissatisfaction is not just at a single store level. It is multiple stores, in multiple states. It affects everyone from store manager to cashier at each store. It also has been noted to have affected district managers in some states. Poor job satisfaction affects stores in several ways: a. understaffing- no one wants to work for a company that is not paying at a competitive rate nor are they are consistent in giving raises and benefits. b. work not being done poor job satisfaction means poor job performance. Associates will not want to work at their peak performance if they are not happy with their job. c. high turnover- Because of low job satisfaction associates will not want to stay at their jobs very long. Creating high turnover rate in many competitive markets were there are other jobs to be found. d. stores are not well stocked and recovered- as understaffing occurs store conditions and customer service diminish. All stores should have trucks unloaded and new stock to the sales floor within 48 hours. In addition every night items that have been misplaced throughout the store need to be picked up and placed in the area that they belong. Also product should be pulled forward on the shelves to give a full appearance. These occur not just because of understaffing because of poor job satisfaction but also because of poor job satisfaction. No one wants to give 100% when they are not happy with their jobs. e. poor customer service- Customers are any businesses life blood . Organizations are in business to provide some service or product to a customer. If there is a lack of staff or lack of job satisfaction customers will not be treated to standards that are set by the company. Even if the company does not have a set customer service standard program a negative attitude will be shown on the faces , in the tone and the overall attitude of Dollar Tree associates. f. loss prevention issues- A big problem is loss prevention challenges. I have caught many associates as well as assistant managers stealing because they were not happy with their jobs. It was either poor wages, lack of concern for the associates by previous management, poor work conditions, and management just not monitoring the checks and balance that are in place to deter employee and customer theft. Much of Dollar Tree’s problem centers around their business model. They are a single price point retailer, they cannot raise their price from 1.00 to 1.50. This causes the organization to put tight controls on those expenses that are controllable, the biggest being payroll. In addition Dollar Tree must purchase very aggressively and when certain extreme values come procurements way they must take advantage even if it means overloading stores. In keeping with deliveries Dollar tree also saves money by not loading product on pallets because this give the warehouse the ability to stack product from floor to ceiling utilizing as much of the trucks as they can. If Dollar Tree was able to raise prices then we would have seen deliveries palletized as store orders and allocations would be decreased as the quantity of product sold would have decreased. The studying of employee satisfaction and how it affects an organization began In the 1980’s with Benjamin Schneider and his research on employee satisfaction.(Corporate Leadership 2003)Other studies have indicated that there is a link between employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, productivity, and financial performance: Unhappy employees are less productive and more likely to have higher absence rates Satisfied employees are more productive, innovative, and loyal Increases in job satisfaction lead to increases in employee morale, which lead to increased employee productivity Employee satisfaction leads to customer retention These points have been witnessed at Dollar Tree , any new store that I had taken over morale was low and so was productivity and absences were high. Once morale was increase by various methods associates wanted to come to work and productivity was higher than company standards. In an article on American Psychological Association’s website APA PsychNet it is also stated that there is a direct relationship between job satisfaction and customer satisfaction, productivity, profit, employee turnover, and accidents.(Harter 2002) One of the biggest reasons for low employee job satisfaction is related is the rate of pay or lack of pay increases. According to Colin Green and John S Heywood, pay is directly related to employee job satisfaction, job performance and satisfied with hours scheduled. (Green Heywood 2007)This means pay covers many problems an employee may have. Poor schedules can be fixed with a more solid hourly rate, poor job performance can be fixed with a raise. This i s such a shallow finding, that people would place all they care about second to money and it also means people can be bought. This is a poor attitude for so many organizations that have employees that will sell their soul for a higher wage. Though they may have a high productivity rate what of the quality of their work? It never seems to measure the quality only the quantity though in my experience someone who is very satisfied with their career not only has a high productivity rate but the quality of the work is generally flawless. That’s because those employees take ownership and pride in their careers. Unsatisfied employees skate by doing the minimum standard of their position. Retaining our employees is very important, and a high turnover is one area that has been noticed with poor job satisfaction at Dollar Tree. In an article entitled The satisfaction and retention of frontline employees: A customer satisfaction measurement approach by Roland T. Rust, Greg L. Stewart, Heather Miller,and Debbie Pielack, it is stated †that employee turnover is highest among employees who are not satisfied with their jobs. Because qualified employees are becoming more scarce and difficult to retain, organizations need to focus on increasing employee satisfaction.† The suggestion they give is treat an employee as customer. This illustrates how a customer satisfaction measurement approach can be applied to the measurement of employee attitudes. What a great idea if organizations would stop and think that employees are just as important as the people they sell too then employee satisfaction would grow. Retailers like Safeway spend so much time and money try i ng to give world class customer service that they forget the employee is the one that has to deliver this service and they should be treated just as equally important. Instead they get rated on how bad they do not how good they do when a mystery shopper comes in. (Graziano 2010)Their wages are cut and benefits are held back until they reach some ridiculous amount of hours worked. (Safeway union contract 2010) This to me does not promote job satisfaction it supports fear and a sense of let us just do enough to get by no more. In 1985 Heneman and Schwab used a PSQ Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire and studied 1,007 of a manufacturing firm and 95 employees from a healthcare firm. Depending on the job structure each of the 4 aspects, pay level, pay raises, pay structure-administration, and benefits affected employee satisfaction in some way. (Scarpello 2003 )So what Safeway had done with the union contract and what has been observed with Dollar Tree this research backs up that some of these if not all of the 4 factors will affect employee satisfaction. In observing what Dollar Tree has fell short in doing or providing to it’s associates, there is one main solution that needs to be accomplished. That is to be consistent in everything that they do. This sounds easy but all of their problems stem from not being consistent in following policy, pay structure, discipline, procurement, or to boil it down overall operational standards. In fact on a large level organizational restructuring has a positive response on employee satisfaction according to studies.(Howard, Frink 2010) We are not asking for a complete restructure just rethink and reintroduce new policies and procedures that will benefit the work force that is the front line service to the primary end user of your product and service. In speaking to an old District Manager out here in Arizona Rich Norkus Dollar Tree has begun to become more aware of their failing pay structure and has begun using a more consistent structure based on store volume or estimated store volume a nd experience. It seems each store has a salary for a store manager budgeted into it. That salary can fluctuate a few thousand dollars per year based on experience. (Norkus 2010) In addition the company is becoming more aware of reviews and raises with recent class action law suits against Wal Mart. Dollar Tree does not want to seem biased toward one class or gender and they are becoming more diligent in getting associates what they deserve and are entitled too. While the store managers are still working uncanny hours that is also being looked into as a law suit has been filed by several thousand current and ex store managers claiming unfair wages . In summation the claim goes after the excess hours store managers work during the holidays that is not currently laid out in the store manager’s job description. This would aid in some store managers having poor attitudes if they would get compensated for the 6th day they work and the loose of time with their families. The allocations and procurement has also been worked out according to Rich Norkus and Mike Moore my old district Manager in Virginia. The stores allocations and procurement needs have now been more closely linked to stores actual sales not their size or projected or supposed sales goal. It has been noted that load sizes have decreased slightly but the biggest issue is product being delivered that is not sellable in that area or store and the amount of excess product has decreased. The logistics department has been working harder at getting truck drivers to get loads thrown faster by giving help to the driver. This speeds the rate of unload time and more stores can be delivered in shorter period and earlier in the day. Managers no longer will work later to unload trucks and it alone. As a an ex store manager nothing irritated me more than waiting for a truck or waiting for a truck driver to unload the truck. Wasted time standing around I could have been home hours ago if the truck was on time. These steps that Dollar Tree has taken may in time solve some of their problems. I have spoke to several managers and they feel less stressed about their jobs and they sense associates are as well. They are beginning to feel more like a family again. The way it was 5 years and 1000 stores earlier. The growth of Dollar Tree is what hurt them in seems. They forgot where they started and really who helped them get to where they are now. That is why I no longer with the company some Human resource managers forgot what I did for the company for 5 years and when I needed help the door was shut on me. Maybe that will change but for now the path they are on will at least begin to help those currently employed. The problem and issues that have caused the problem discussed did not hinder my professional development. In fact it strengthened my leadership abilities. I had to compensate and be creative to keep employees motivated to be productive and friendly to customers. This issue caused me to step up and be a leader and motivate those employees who felt underpaid and who had poor job satisfaction. As I became better leader because of the problem the long hours worked because of high turnover impacted my school work and home life. Grades slipped, assignments were not done to the best of my ability. My family missed out on dinner together gatherings and other social events. Research Papers on Leadership and Organizational Studies, Dollar TreeThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanResearch Process Part One19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraOpen Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMind Travel